Carbonator.



A. E. SHATTUCK.

GARBONATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY ze, 1911.

Patented June 11, 1912.

ARTHUR E. SHATTUCK, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO NATIONAL CARBONATED LIQUID CO., 0F SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

CARBONATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 26, 1911.

' Patented June 11, 1912. Serial N0. 640,672.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR E. SHAT- TUCK, a citizen of the United States, residing at San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbonators, of which t-he following is a specification.

This invention relates to a carbonating device of that type in which numerous minute jets of carbonio acid gas are injected into a relatively thin stream of water or other liquid to be carbonated so as to bring the maximum number of atoms Aof liquid into contact with the maximum number of .atoms of gas on theprinciple that liquid,

merous minute such as water, absorbs gas in the exact proportions to the/.area exposed to the action of gas.

In carrying out the invention, the water to be carbonated is delivered through a conduit which is preferably spiral so that the size of the device can be reduced to a minimum, and passing through this conduit is a vspiral gas supply tube of such size with respect to the cross-sectional area of the conduit that the Water will flow in amore or less tubular lm-like stream into which nujets of carbonio acid gas are delivered, with the result that the water ab sorbs gas and becomes carbonated. The water conduit may be in the form of a spiral pipe or tube. with the perforated gas-conducting tube extending therethrough, or the spiral water# conducting conduit may be formed by a-straight section of pipe having fitted therein a'plu formed with a spiral groove in its circum erential surface and extending from one end to the other to permit the water to How spirally around the plug through the groove, in which latter is arranged the perforated gas pipe.

For a more detailed understanding of the invention, reference is to be had to the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, which illustrates one embodiment of the invention.

p In the drawing, Figure 1 is a vertical section of the carbonating device. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the spirally grooved plug. Fig. 3 is a perspective vlew of the per orated gas supply' conduit. Fig. 4 is a greatlyenlarged sectional view showing one of the perforations of the .gas supply conduit.

diameter. In the present instance, this conduit is formed by a straight sect-ion of pipe 2 and a plug 3 fitted therein and provided wlth a superficial helical groove 4 which extends from one end of the plug to the other. The end 5 of this conduit l communicates with a source of water orother liquid under pressure, as for instance, the service pipe of a city water supply of the section is a couple 6 which connects with the water supply pipe 7. The water in passlng through theconduit l is carbonated by the introduction of numerous fine jets of carbonio acid gas, but in passing through the conduit, the water is caused to take a more or less film-like form so that the gas will have a better chance to impregnate the water and bring the maximum atoms of water into contact with the atoms of gas. For this purpose, the means for introducing t-he gas into the water also serves to cause the water to take a film-like form. A simple and effective means for accomplishing these two functions is the employment of a helical tube or pipe 8 which has the same pitch and the same number of convolutions as the helisystem'. On one end cal groove 4 in the plug 3, so that the helical portion of the gas-conducting conduit or tube \8 can extend longitudinally of such groove. The external diameter of the tube 8 is slightly smaller than the .depth of the groove 4 so that the water can pass through the conduit 1 in the form' of a tubular film around the tube 8. ter illustrate the proportions, let it be as` sumed that the conduit 8 is one-quarter of an inch in external diameter while the groove in the plug 4 is three-eighths of an inch in diameter, leaving a space of onesixteenth of an inch around the tube 8 in case the latter is concentric with the groove 4. Thus, the water in passing through the conduit l is drawn outinto a thin tubular film of about one-sixteenth of an inch so as to be in the best condition for receiving the carbonio acid gas.

The helical portion of the tube 8 is provided with closely-arranged andextremely small perforations 9 through which the gas discharges into the water traversing the con- To bet-f duit 1. These apertures are formed by drilling holes through the tube with the smallest size drill obtainable, and then by means of a punch, the metal is hammered down until the apertures are practically invisible to` the naked eye. In other words, the apertures are made as small and numerous as possible. The forming of the apertures or perforations in the tube 8 takes place when the latter is straight, and after bein';r perforated, the tube is shaped on a suitable form into the helix of the required pitch. One end of the tube 8 is closed by a plug 10 while the other end 11 may be sraight so as to pass out through an openin g 12 in the elbow 6, the opening 12 being sealed by solder 13.

In assembling the parts, the plug 3 is inserted in the spiral conduit 8 by engaging the plugged end 10 in the inlet end of the groove 4 in the plug 3, and then by a screw action the plug 1s assembled wit-hin the helical conduit. The two parts thus assembled are inserted longitudinally of the pipe 2, the straight portion 11 of the conduit 8 passing through the opening 12 in the coupling 6.

VThe plug 4 snugly ts in the pipe 2 so that through the pipe 2 by water can only. pass means of the way of the conduit 4, and by solder joint 13 water is preventec1 from es` caping around the gas pipeor conduit. In arranging theparts as described, it is practically impossible to arrange the helical conduit 8 so that it will be concentric with the groove 4 at all points and at certain places the conduit 8 may be in contact with the surrounding pipe 2, as at a, Fig. 1, while the helical gas conduit 8 may be in contact with the plug 3, as at b. This relative disposition of the parts is an advantage in that the stream of water is broken up at such points,

resulting in an effective commingling or agitation of the 'water particles and gas, bringing the atoms4 more closely together. Ihe spirally flowing twisting stream of commingled water and gas discharges from the lower end of the conduit 4 into a chamber 14 formed in the lower extremity of the pipe 2, which chamber may be ofany desired size, and in this chamber the water circulates and finally issues through a port 15 formed centrally in a concave-concave partition or wall 16. The wall 16, by reason of its shape, changes the course of the water and gas passing through the chamber 14 so that in passing through the port 15, the water and gas particles will be sprayed outwardly in all directions at the under side of the wall 16, this sprayin n taking place in .an enlarged chamber 1 attached to the lower end ofthe pipe 2. The spraying action causes the gas and water particles to be intimately commingled so that whatever free gas remains unabsorbed up to the time the port 15 is reached may become finally absorbed.

From the chambel 17 carbonated liquid is conducted to a dispensing apparatus through, a pipe connected vwith the chamber.

Fromthe foregoing description, taken in, connection with the accompanying drawings, the advantages of the construction and of the method of operation will be readil apparent to those skilled in the art to whic described the principle of operation of the invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to thereof, I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merely illustrative, and that such changes may be made when desired as are within the scope of the claims appended/ hereto. i

Having thus described what I claim as new, is Y 1. A carbonator comprising a helicaA con` duit, means for supplying liquid under pressure to one end of the conduit, and a spiral pipe extending through the conduit for reducingthe cross-sectional area thereof for the passage of liquid and having a plurality of orifices for discharging gas into the liquid passing through the conduit.

2. A carbonator comprising a pipe section, a plug therein having a spiral groove in its circumferential surface coperating with the pipe section to form a liquid conduit, and means extending longitudinally of the conduit Ffor reducing the cross-sectional area thereof for the passage of liquid and for injecting gas into the liquid inits passage through the conduit.

3. A carbonator comprising a section of eine, a plug fitted in and extending longiudinally thereof and having a helical groove extending from one end of the plug to the other, a helical pipe extending in the groove of the plug and having gas-discharg- "ng orifices, said pipe being open at one end m receive gas and closed at the other, means 'for supplying water to one end of the groove, and means for receiving carbonated liquid from the other end of the groove.

4 ii carbcnator comprising a section of pipe, an elbow connected therewith having an opening in its wall, a water supply pipe connccted with the elbow, i a helically grooved plug fitted in the said section of pipe whereby water will pass only through said groove, and a perforated helical tube j the invention,

having a .gas inlet portion extending through the opening of the coupling.

having a helical conduit for the passage of liquid, av tube of helical form extending longitudinally of the conduit and of less cross-sectional area than the latter to cause the liquid to fiow in an approximately filmtact with the walls of the conduit at difierbc the best embodiment extending longitudinally of the groove andl 5. A carbonator comprising a structure like tubular stream, said tube being in conthe invention appertains, and while I have sol ent points to break u the stream, said tube having minute gas ischarging orifices in the portion located in theconduit.

f 6. A carbonator comprising a conduit in the form of a coiled tube having closely arranged minute orifices, and a conduit corresponding in shape to and of slightly greater diameter than the tube and through which the latter extends longitudinally, one conduitJ being open at one end to receive liquid and open at the other end to discharge carbonated liquid, and the other conduit being closed at one end and open at the other end to receive gas for injection through the said orifices into the liquid for carbonating the same.

7. A carbonator comprising a conduit in the form of a coiled tube having closely arranged minute orifices, a conduit corresponding in shape to and of slightly greater diameter than the tube and through which the latter extends longitudinally,kone conduit being open at one end to receive liquid and open at the other end to discharge carbonated liquid, and the other conduit being closed at one end and open at the other end to receive gas for injection through the said oriiices into the liquid for carbonating the same, a chamber around which the carbonated liquid spirally iows, said chamber having a concavo-concave ported Wall through which the carbonated liquid discharges,I and a comparatively large chamber into which the liquid sprays through the port in the said wall. l

In testimony whereof I aiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

ARTHUR E. SHATTUCK Witnesses:

G. L. KENNEDY, E. A. THOMPSON. 

